Atropine Sulphate

0.04 mg/kg IM (Thurmon & Benson 1986)

As a preanesthetic adjuvant:
a) In geriatric patients: 0.01–0.02 mg/kg IM, IV; do not use anticholinergics indiscriminately in geriatric patients. (Carpenter et al. 2005)
b) 0.074 mg/kg IV, IM or SC (Package Insert; Atropine Injectable, S.A.— Fort Dodge)
c) 0.02–0.04 mg/kg SC, IM or IV (Morgan 1988) For adjunctive treatment of bradycardias, Incomplete AV block, etc.
a) During cardiopulmonary cerebral resuscitation (CPCR) efforts: 0.04 mg/kg IV or IO; can repeat every 3–5 minutes for a maximum of 3 doses. For intra-tracheal (IT) administration: 0.08–0.1 mg/kg; dilute in 5–10 mL of sterile water before administering (Plunkett & McMichael 2008).
b) 0.02–0.04 mg/kg IV or IM (Russell & Rush 1995) To differentiate vagally-mediated bradyarrhythmias from non-vagal bradyarrhythmias (Atropine Response Test): Rishniw Preference: 1) Record ECG at baseline; 2) Administer 0.04 mg/kg atropine IV; 3) Wait 15 minutes; 4) Record ECG for at least 2 minutes (use slow paper speed). If the response is incomplete, repeat steps 2–4. Persistent sinus tachycardia at >140 bpm is expected in most dogs with vagally-mediated bradycardia. Kittleson Preference: 1) Record ECG at baseline; 2) Administer 0.04 mg/kg atropine SQ; 3) Wait 30 minutes; 4) Record ECG for at least 2 minutes (use slow paper speed). Persistent sinus tachycardia at >140 bpm is expected in most dogs with vagally-mediated bradycardia. (Rishniw & Kittleson 2007)
For treatment of cholinergic toxicity:
a) 0.2–0.5 mg/kg; 1/4 of the dose IV and the remainder IM or SC (Firth 2000)
For treatment of bronchoconstriction:
a) 0.02–0.04 mg/kg for a duration of effect of 1–1.5 hours (Papich 1986)

As a preanesthetic adjuvant:
a) In geriatric patients: 0.01–0.02 mg/kg IM, IV; do not use anticholinergics indiscriminately in geriatric patients. (Carpenter et al. 2005)
b) 0.074 mg/kg IV, IM or SC (Package Insert; Atropine Injectable, S.A.— Fort Dodge)
c) 0.02–0.04 mg/kg SC, IM or IV (Morgan 1988)
For treatment of bradycardias:
a) During cardiopulmonary cerebral resuscitation (CPCR) efforts: 0.04 mg/kg IV or IO; can repeat every 3–5 minutes for a maximum of 3 doses.
For intra-tracheal (IT) administration: 0.08–0.1 mg/kg; dilute in 5–10 mL of sterile water before administering (Plunkett & McMichael 2008).
b) 0.02–0.04 mg/kg SC, IM or IV q4–6h (Miller 1985)
For treatment of cholinergic toxicity:
a) 0.2–2 mg/kg; give ¼th of the dose IV and the remainder SC or IM (Morgan 1988)

Note: When used in food animals at doses up to 0.2 mg/kg, FARAD recommends a 28 day meat and 6 day milk withdrawal time. (Haskell et al. 2005)
As a preanesthetic:
a) Because of a lack of extended efficacy and potential adverse reactions, atropine is not used routinely as a preoperative agent in ruminants. If it is desired for use, a dose of 0.06–0.12 mg/kg IM has been suggested.) (Thurmon & Benson 1986) For adjunctive treatment of bovine hypersensitivity disease:
a) 1 gram per cow once daily followed by 0.5 gram/cow in 2–3 days (method of administration not specified) (Manning & Scheidt 1986) For treatment of cholinergic toxicity (organophosphates):
a) 0.5 mg/kg (average dose); give ¼th of the dose IV and the remainder SC or IM; may repeat q3–4h for 1–2 days (Bailey 1986)

For treatment of bradyarrhythmias due to increased parasympathetic tone:
a) 0.01–0.02 mg/kg IV (Mogg 1999)
b) 0.045 mg/kg parenterally (Hilwig 1987)
As a bronchodilator:
a) 5 mg IV for a 400–500 kg animal (Beech 1987)
b) 5–7 mg/kg IV for a 450 kg horse can serve as a rescue medication in cases with severe airway obstruction, but it has an abbreviated duration of action (0.5–2 hours) and adverse effects (ileus, CNS toxicity, tachycardia, increased mucus secretion, and impaired mucociliary clearance) limit its use to a single rescue dose. (Rush 2006)
For organophosphate poisoning:
a) Approximately 1 mg/kg given to effect, IV (use mydriasis and absence of salivation as therapy endpoints), may repeat every 1.5–2 hours as required subcutaneously (Oehme 1987)
b) 0.22 mg/kg, ¼th of the dose administered IV and the remainder SC or IM (Package Insert; Atropine Injectable, L.A.— Fort Dodge)

For organophosphate poisoning:
a) 0.2 mg/kg IM every 3–4 hours as needed; ¼th the initial dose is administered. Use with pralidoxime (not in raptors) at 10–20 mg/kg IM q8–12h as needed. Do not use pralidoxime in carbamate poisonings. To assist in diagnosing organophosphate poisoning (with history, clinical signs, etc.) in birds presenting with bradycardia: May administer atropine at 0.02 mg/kg IV. If bradycardia does not reverse, may consider organophosphate toxicity. (LaBonde 2006)
As a preanesthetic:
a) 0.04–0.1 mg/kg IM or SC once (Clubb 1986)

For organophosphate toxicity in most species:
a) 0.1–0.2 mg/kg SC or IM as needed. (Gauvin 1993)
For ptyalism in tortoises:
a) 0.05 mg/kg (50 micrograms/kg) SC or IM once daily (Gauvin 1993)

To treat organophosphate toxicity: 10 mg/kg SC q20 minutes (Ivey & Morrisey 2000)