Nimocin Vet

Iindicated for the prevention and treatment of bacterial enteritis caused by microorganisms like E. coli, Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp., Pasteurella, Staphylococci & Listeria spp. in poultry, calf, goat, sheep & swine. 

Because neomycin is more nephrotoxic and less effective against several bacterial species than either gentamicin or amikacin, its use is generally limited to topical formulations for skin, eyes, and ears, oral treatment of enteric infections, to reduce microbe numbers in the colon prior to colon surgery, and oral or enema administration to reduce ammonia-producing bacteria in the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy. Doses for parenteral administration are listed below, but should be used only with extreme caution due to the drug’s toxic potential.

• Oral: Hypersensitive to aminoglycosides, intestinal blockage;
•  rabbits

Aminoglycoside antibiotic usually used orally (gut “sterilization”) or in topical formulations.

Neomycin has a mechanism of action and spectrum of activity (primarily gramnegative aerobes) similar to the other aminoglycosides, but in comparison to either gentamicin or amikacin, it is significantly less effective against several species of gram-negative organisms, including strains of Klebsiella, E. coli, and Pseudomonas. However, most strains of neomycin-resistant bacteria of these species remain susceptible to amikacin. More detailed information on the aminoglycosides mechanism of action and spectrum of activity is outlined in the amikacin monograph.

It irreversibly binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit of bacteria & thereby inhibits bacterial protein synthesis. 

The following drug interactions have either been reported or are theoretical in humans or animals receiving oral neomycin and may be of significance in veterinary patients:
DIGOXIN: Oral neomycin with orally administered digoxin may result in decreased absorption. Separating the doses of the two medications may not alleviate this effect. Some human patients (<10%) metabolize digoxin in the GI tract and neomycin may increase serum digoxin levels in these patients. It is recommended that enhanced monitoring be performed if oral neomycin is added or withdrawn from the drug regimen of a patient stabilized on a digitalis glycoside.
METHOTREXATE: Absorption may be reduced by oral neomycin but is increased by oral kanamycin (found in Amforal®)
OTOTOXIC, NEPHROTOXIC DRUGS: Although only minimal amounts of neomycin are absorbed after oral or rectal administration, the concurrent use of other ototoxic or nephrotoxic drugs with neomycin should be done with caution
PENICILLIN VK (oral): Oral neomycin should not be given concurrently with oral penicillin VK as malabsorption of the penicillin may occur
WARFARIN: Oral neomycin may decrease the amount of vitamin K absorbed from the gut; this may have ramifications for patients receiving oral anticoagulants
Refer to the amikacin monograph for more information regarding drug interactions with parenteral neomycin.

Refer to the amikacin monograph for more information regarding these topics with parenteral neomycin; however, parenterally administered neomycin is much more nephrotoxic than is amikacin.
Rarely, oral neomycin may cause ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, severe diarrhea, and intestinal malabsorption.

In humans, the FDA categorizes this drug as category C for use during pregnancy (Animal studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus, but there are no adequate studies in humans; or there are no animal reproduction studies and no adequate studies in humans.) In a separate system evaluating the safety of drugs in canine and feline pregnancy (Papich 1989), this drug is categorized as class: A (Probably safe. Although specific studies may not have proved he safety of all drugs in dogs and cats, there are no reports of adverse effects in laboratory animals or women.)
Neomycin is excreted in cow’s milk following a single IM injection. If used orally, it is unlikely neomycin poses significant systemic risk to nursing offspring, but may negatively alter gut flora and cause diarrhea.

Oral neomycin is contraindicated in the presence of intestinal obstruction or if the patient is hypersensitive to aminoglycosides.
In neonates, orally administered neomycin can yield high systemic levels; avoid use in neonatal patients.
Chronic usage of oral aminoglycosides may result in bacterial or fungal superinfections.
Because aminoglycosides can cause irreversible ototoxicity when administered parenterally, they should be used with caution in “working” dogs.
Aminoglycosides should be used with caution in patients with neuromuscular disorders (e.g., myasthenia gravis) due to their neuromuscular blocking activity.
Because aminoglycosides are eliminated primarily through renal mechanisms, when administered parenterally they should be used cautiously, preferably with serum monitoring and dosage adjustment in neonatal or geriatric animals. When neomycin is given orally, only perhaps 3% of a dose is absorbed, but use with caution in patients with renal dysfunction.

Aminoglycosides are generally considered contraindicated in rabbits/hares, as they adversely affect the GI flora balance in these animals. Oral neomycin has been associated with antibiotic-associated diarrhea (enterocolitis) in horses and it is not commonly used in this species.

Poultry: Meat- 0 (zero) day. Egg- Egg must not be consumed up to 1 day after administration.

 Calf, goat, sheep & swine: Meat- Meat must not be consumed up to 1 day after administration. 

Milk- Milk must not be consumed up to 1 day after administration.

 Store below 300 C temperature and dry place, protected from light. Keep all medicines out of reach of children.