Pemetrexed

• Non-small cell lung cancer

Pemetrexed is indicated for: Initial treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic, non-squamous, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in combination with cisplatin. Maintenance treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic, non-squamous NSCLC whose disease has not progressed after four cycles of platinum-based first-line chemotherapy, as a single agent. ... Read morePemetrexed is indicated for: Initial treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic, non-squamous, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in combination with cisplatin. Maintenance treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic, non-squamous NSCLC whose disease has not progressed after four cycles of platinum-based first-line chemotherapy, as a single agent. Treatment of patients with recurrent, metastatic non-squamous, NSCLC after prior chemotherapy, as a single agent.

N/A

Pemetrexed is contraindicated in patients with a history of severe hypersensitivity reaction to pemetrexed

Pemetrexed is a thymidylate synthase inhibitor. It works by inhibiting thymidylate synthase, dihydrofolate reductase, glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase and aminoimidazole carboxamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase, the enzymes involved in folate metabolism and DNA synthesis, thus inhibiting purine and thymidine nucleotide and protein synthesis.

High doses of NSAIDs and aspirin may reduce the elimination of pemetrexed; avoid usage 2 days (5 days for longer-acting NSAIDs) before, during and 2 days after treatment with pemetrexed in patients with impaired renal function. Additive GI side effects when used with SSRIs, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, aripiprazole or ziprasidone. Additive sedation when used with psychotropics. Concurrent use with nephrotoxic drugs (e.g. aminoglycosides, loop diuretics, platinum compounds and ciclosporin) may decrease pemetrexed clearance, thus increasing the risk of toxicity. Clearance may be reduced when used with drugs that are cleared by tubular secretion e.g. probenecid and penicillin.

The following adverse reactions are discussed in greater detail in other sections of the labeling: Myelosuppression Renal failure Bullous and exfoliative skin toxicity  Interstitial pneumonitis Radiation recall

No drugs are approved for the treatment of Pemetrexed overdose. Based on animal studies, administration of leucovorin may mitigate the toxicities of Pemetrexed overdosage. It is not known whether pemetrexed is dialyzable.

Pregnancy Category D. There is positive evidence of human fetal risk, but the benefits from use in pregnant women may be acceptable despite the risk (e.g., if the drug is needed in a life-threatening situation or for a serious disease for which safer drugs cannot be used or are ineffective).Lactation: Advise women not to breastfeed during treatment with Pemetrexed and for 1 week after the final dose

Monitor CBC. Premedication with folate and vitamin B12 are recommended as prophylaxis against haematological and GI toxicity during treatment. Pre-treatment with a corticosteroid also reduces the incidence and severity of skin reactions. Caution when used in renal or hepatic impairment. Not recommended for use in pregnancy and lactation.

Renal Impairment: Pemetrexed dosing recommendations are provided for patients with a creatinine clearance (calculated by Cockcroft-Gault equation) of 45 mL/min or greater. There is no recommended dose for patients whose creatinine clearance is less than 45 mL/minPediatric Use: The safety and effectiveness of Pemetrexed in pediatric patients have not been established. Geriatric Use: Of the 3,946 patients enrolled in clinical studies of Pemetrexed, 34% were 65 and over and 4% were 75 and over. No overall differences in effectiveness were observed between these patients and younger patients. The incidences of Grade 3-4 anemia, fatigue, thrombocytopenia, hypertension, and neutropenia were higher in patients 65 years of age and older as compared to younger patients: in at least one of five randomized clinical trials.